IEEE Std 446-1995 Emergency and Standby Power Systems for Industrial and Commercial Applications
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ID： |
7557179769E743F3BC6BD1A900339476 |
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文件大小(MB)： |
3.08 |
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页数： |
319 |
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文件格式： |
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日期： |
2009-6-29 |
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IEEE Std 446-1995,(Revision of IEEE Std 446-1987),IEEE Recommended Practice for,Emergency and Standby Power,Systems for Industrial and,Commercial Applications,Sponsor,Power Systems Engineering Committee,of the,Industrial and Commercial Power Systems Department,of the,IEEE Industry Applications Society,Approved 12 December 1995,IEEE Standards Board,Abstract: This Recommended Practice addresses the uses, power sources, design, and maintenance,of emergency and standby power systems. Chapter 3 is a general discussion of needs,for and the configuration of emergency and standby systems. Chapter 9 lists the power needs,for specific industries. Chapters 4 and 5 deal with selection of power sources. Chapter 6 provides,recommendations for protecting both power sources and switching equipment during,fault conditions. Chapter 7 provides recommendations for design of system grounding, and,Chapter 10 provides recommendations for designing to reliability objectives. Chapter 8 provides,recommended maintenance practices.,Keywords: batteries, emergency generators, emergency power, emergency system,emergency system design, engine generators, standby power, standby system, stored energy,systems, transfer switch, uninterruptible power supplies, UPS, UPS batteries,Grateful acknowledgment is made to the following organizations for having granted permission to reprint,illustrations in this document as listed below:,The Electrical Generating Systems Marketing Association (EGSA), 10251 W. Sample Rd., Ste. B, Coral,Springs, FL 33065-3939, for Table 3-1 from EGSA 109C-1994, Table 1, copyright 1994 by EGSA.,The National Fire Protection Association (NFPA), Quincy, MA 02269, for Figure 3-5 from NFPA 70-,1996, National Electrical Code?, Figure 517-30(b), copyright 1995 by NFPA.,The Automatic Switch Company (ASCO), Florham Park, NJ 07932, for Figure 4-10.,First Printing,July 1996,SH94381,The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc.,345 East 47th Street, New York, NY 10017-2394, USA,Copyright . 1996 by the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc.,All rights reserved. Published 1996. Printed in the United States of America,ISBN 1-55937-598-1,No part of this publication may be reproduced in any form, in an electronic retrieval system or otherwise,without the prior written permission of the publisher.,IEEE Standards documents are developed within the Technical Committees of the IEEE Societies and,the Standards Coordinating Committees of the IEEE Standards Board. Members of the committees,serve voluntarily and without compensation. They are not necessarily members of the Institute. The,standards developed within IEEE represent a consensus of the broad expertise on the subject within the,Institute as well as those activities outside of IEEE that have expressed an interest in participating in the,development of the standard.,Use of an IEEE Standard is wholly voluntary. The existence of an IEEE Standard does not imply that,there are no other ways to produce, test, measure, purchase, market, or provide other goods and services,related to the scope of the IEEE Standard. Furthermore, the viewpoint expressed at the time a standard,is approved and issued is subject to change brought about through developments in the state of the art,and comments received from users of the standard. Every IEEE Standard is subjected to review at least,every five years for revision or reaffirmation. When a document is more than five years old and has not,been reaffirmed, it is reasonable to conclude that its contents, although still of some value, do not,wholly reflect the present state of the art. Users are cautioned to check to determine that they have the,latest edition of any IEEE Standard.,Comments for revision of IEEE Standards are welcome from any interested party, regardless of membership,affiliation with IEEE. Suggestions for changes in documents should be in the form of a proposed,change of text, together with appropriate supporting comments.,Interpretations: Occasionally questions may arise regarding the meaning of portions of standards as,they relate to specific applications. When the need for interpretations is brought to the attention of,IEEE, the Institute will initiate action to prepare appropriate responses. Since IEEE Standards represent,a consensus of all concerned interests, it is important to ensure that any interpretation has also received,the concurrence of a balance of interests. For this reason IEEE and the members of its technical committees,are not able to provide an instant response to interpretation requests except in those cases where,the matter has previously received formal con……
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